:root {
    --charcoal: #1C1C1C; --charcoal-90: #2C2C2C; --charcoal-70: #555555;
    --storm: #4F666A; --storm-30: #C9D0D2;
    --coconut: #E9EDF6; --white: #FFFFFF;
    --tangerine: #FF7A4D; --tangerine-600: #E84A22;
    --serif: "Fraunces", Georgia, serif;
    --sans: "Inter", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
    --max: 1440px;
    --gutter: clamp(20px, 4vw, 64px);
    --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1);
  }
  *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
  html { -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
  body {
    margin: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    color: var(--charcoal);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }
  img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
  a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
  ::selection { background: var(--tangerine); color: var(--charcoal); }

  .brand-logo {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 180px;
    height: 50px;
    fill: currentColor;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    vertical-align: middle;
    overflow: visible;
  }
  .brand-logo--lg { width: 240px; height: 66px; }
  @media (max-width: 880px) {
    .brand-logo { width: 150px; height: 41px; }
    .brand-logo--lg { width: 180px; height: 50px; }
  }

  /* NAV */
  .nav {
    position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 100;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(18px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(18px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
  }
  .nav-inner {
    max-width: var(--max); margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 16px var(--gutter);
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px;
  }
  .nav-brand {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
    color: var(--charcoal);
  }
  .nav-brand .wordmark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
  .nav-brand .tagline { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--storm); margin-top: 4px; }
  .nav-brand-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
  .nav-back {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; color: var(--charcoal);
    padding: 10px 18px;
    border: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
    border-radius: 100px;
    transition: all 280ms var(--ease-out);
  }
  .nav-back:hover { background: var(--charcoal); color: var(--white); border-color: var(--charcoal); }

  /* ARTICLE HERO */
  .article-hero {
    padding-top: 120px;
    padding-bottom: 64px;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--white) 0%, var(--coconut) 100%);
  }
  .article-hero-inner {
    max-width: 980px; margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--gutter);
  }
  .article-eyebrow {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px;
    font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 0.22em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--storm); margin-bottom: 32px;
  }
  .article-eyebrow::before {
    content: ""; width: 28px; height: 1px; background: var(--tangerine-600);
  }
  .article-eyebrow .cat {
    color: var(--tangerine-600); font-weight: 500;
  }
  .article-title {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-weight: 350;
    font-size: clamp(40px, 6vw, 80px);
    line-height: 1.02;
    letter-spacing: -0.022em;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    margin: 0 0 32px;
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "SOFT" 30;
  }
  .article-title em { font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; color: var(--storm); }
  .article-deck {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: clamp(20px, 2.4vw, 28px);
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--charcoal-90);
    max-width: 56ch;
    margin: 0 0 56px;
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  }
  .article-meta {
    display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 32px;
    padding-top: 28px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
    font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.16em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--storm);
  }
  .article-meta .key { display: block; color: var(--storm); margin-bottom: 4px; font-size: 10px; }
  .article-meta .val { color: var(--charcoal); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; font-weight: 400; }

  /* HERO ART — square cover, centred, max 720px so it reads as editorial */
  .article-art {
    max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--gutter);
  }
  .article-art-frame {
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    background: var(--charcoal);
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
  }
  .article-art-frame img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block;
  }
  .article-art-caption {
    max-width: 720px; margin: 16px auto 0;
    padding: 0 var(--gutter);
    font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--storm);
  }

  /* ARTICLE BODY */
  .article-body {
    max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 96px var(--gutter);
  }
  .article-body p {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-weight: 350;
    font-size: 19px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--charcoal-90);
    margin: 0 0 1.4em;
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 24;
  }
  .article-body p:first-of-type::first-letter {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-weight: 350;
    font-size: 5em;
    line-height: 0.85;
    float: left;
    margin: 0.05em 0.12em 0 -0.06em;
    color: var(--tangerine-600);
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "SOFT" 100;
  }
  .article-body h2 {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-weight: 350;
    font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 36px);
    line-height: 1.2;
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    margin: 80px 0 24px;
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72;
  }
  .article-body h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--storm); }
  .article-body h2::before {
    content: ""; display: block;
    width: 32px; height: 1px;
    background: var(--tangerine-600);
    margin-bottom: 28px;
  }
  .article-body blockquote {
    margin: 64px -40px;
    padding: 48px 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: clamp(24px, 3vw, 36px);
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--charcoal);
    text-align: center;
    font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96, "SOFT" 100;
  }
  .article-body blockquote::before {
    content: """;
    display: block;
    font-size: 64px;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--tangerine-600);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    font-style: normal;
  }
  .article-body ul {
    list-style: none; padding: 0;
    margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em;
  }
  .article-body ul li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--charcoal-90);
  }
  .article-body ul li::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0; top: 0.85em;
    width: 18px; height: 1px;
    background: var(--tangerine-600);
  }
  .article-body em { font-style: italic; }
  .article-body strong { font-weight: 500; color: var(--charcoal); }

  /* FIGURES — charts, data visualisations, embedded images within body */
  .article-body figure {
    margin: 48px 0;
  }
  .article-body figure img,
  .article-body figure svg.chart {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    background: var(--charcoal);
  }
  .article-body figure figcaption {
    font-size: 11px;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--storm);
    margin-top: 12px;
    text-align: left;
  }
  /* Source citation under inline figures — used for "Source: ..." lines */
  .article-body p.source {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--storm);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: -1.2em;
    margin-bottom: 2em;
  }

  /* Numbered news/list with deeper structure */
  .article-body .news-item {
    margin: 32px 0;
    padding-top: 24px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
  }
  .article-body .news-item h4 {
    margin-top: 0;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 350;
    font-size: 20px;
  }
  .article-body .news-item .source-line {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--storm);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }

  /* MID-ARTICLE ART */
  .mid-art {
    margin: 80px calc(50% - 50vw);
    width: 100vw;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 7;
    background: var(--coconut);
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    max-width: 100vw;
  }
  .mid-art img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block;
  }

  /* BYLINE END */
  .article-end {
    max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--gutter) 96px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--storm-30);
    padding-top: 48px;
  }
  .article-author {
    display: flex; gap: 24px; align-items: center;
  }
  .article-author-img {
    width: 64px; height: 64px;
    background: var(--coconut);
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    isolation: isolate;
  }
  .article-author-img img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block;
  }
  .article-author-text .name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; font-weight: 400; }
  .article-author-text .role { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--storm); margin-top: 4px; }

  /* RELATED */
  .related {
    background: var(--coconut);
    padding: 96px 0 120px;
  }
  .related-inner { max-width: var(--max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter); }
  .related h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 350; font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 44px); margin: 0 0 48px; font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96; }
  .related-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 48px; }
  .related-card { display: block; }
  .related-card .duo {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    background: var(--coconut);
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    position: relative;
  }
  .related-card .duo img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block;
    transition: transform 1200ms var(--ease-out);
  }
  .related-card:hover .duo img { transform: scale(1.04); }
  .related-meta {
    font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--storm);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }
  .related-card h3 {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 350; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2;
    margin: 0 0 8px; transition: color 280ms;
  }
  .related-card:hover h3 { color: var(--tangerine-600); }
  .related-card p { font-size: 14px; color: var(--charcoal-70); }

  /* FOOTER */
  .footer {
    background: var(--charcoal);
    color: var(--storm-30);
    padding: 64px 0 32px;
  }
  .footer-inner { max-width: var(--max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter); }
  .footer-row {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
    gap: 32px; margin-bottom: 48px; align-items: center;
  }
  .footer-row .footer-brand-text { font-family: var(--serif); font-style: italic; font-weight: 300; font-size: 18px; color: var(--coconut); max-width: 32ch; }
  .footer-brand-mark { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; color: var(--coconut); }
  .footer-brand-mark .wordmark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; }
  .footer-back {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    padding: 12px 22px;
    border: 1px solid var(--storm); border-radius: 100px;
    color: var(--coconut); font-size: 13px; transition: all 280ms;
  }
  .footer-back:hover { background: var(--coconut); color: var(--charcoal); border-color: var(--coconut); }
  .footer-legal {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(233, 237, 246, 0.12);
    padding-top: 32px;
    font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--storm-30);
    display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  @media (max-width: 880px) {
    .article-meta { gap: 20px; }
    .article-body blockquote { margin: 48px 0; padding: 32px 0; }
    .related-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
    .footer-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  }

  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
  }